Drier.



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Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

T. M. WILSON.

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T. M. WILSON.

DRIER.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. zo, 1909.

` 930,587. Patented Aug. 10,1909.

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APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2'0, 1909 'Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

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DRIEE.

' ArPLIoATIoN FILED 1:53.20, 1509. 930,587. Patented Aug. 1o, 1909.

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APPLIoATIoN FILED FEB. 20,1909.

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` APPLICATION FILED PEB. 20 1909.

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Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

ma., 9 @Kg/QM ANDREW. n. GRAHAM O0.. PHm-mnoaRAPnsRS. wAsHmGroN THOMAS M. WILSON, OE PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. y

DRIER.

Speccaton oi.' Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. io, 1909.

Application filed February 20, 1909. Serial No. 479,246.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be It known that I, THOMAS M. WILSON, a

citizen of the United States, residing atk Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia' and State Oi' Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Driers, oll which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in driers, and more particularly to a drier, in combinationwith a battery of kilns, whereby the smoke and gases from any, or all oi' the kilns, may be utilizedto heat the drier and be returned to the kilns.

A further object is to provide improvements oi' this character in which the heat in the driers will be by radiation from the floor and walls of the drier, or may be received directlyinto the drying chamber accordingly,

as an approved arrangement of dampers may be Operated.

A further object is to provide an improved construction of drier, whereby the heat agent is directed through the ilues below the floors of the drying chambers, and provide animproved Stack for all of said drying chambers to carry oil the moisture-laden air charged by the wet brick.

A further object is to providean improved arrangement oi' liues or passages, so connecting a kiln or battery ol' kilns with a drier, and so construct the kilns and the drier, that the smoke and gases may be received Vdirectly from the kilns to heat the drier, may be returned to the kilns for reburning, or may be discharged through a stack into the air.

A `further object is to provide improvements ci' this character in which either the smoke and gases Vfrom the kilns may be utilized to heat the drier chambers by radiation `from the floor and walls oi the chambers,

or which may take the hot air from the kilns,

while the latter are cooling, and conduct the' saine directly in the drier chambers.

A further obj ect is to provide an improved arrangement oi' iiues with fans or blowers for compelling a continuous circuit of smoke and gases from the kilns, through the drier, back to the kilns, and provide a stack to which the' smoke and gases may be directly conducted without passing through the drier.

A further object is toprovide improvements oi' this character which. will enable a wide range oi utility, giving to the operators a great variety of uses, enabling the smoke and gases from the kilns to be utilized in `struction of stack on thedrier.

heating the driers, and be returned to the kilns, or else exhausted into the air, which will enable the smoke and gases to be conveyed directly to the stack without communicating with the drier, which will enable the hot air from the kilns in cooling, to be conveyed directly into the drier chambers, which will convey the moisture-laden air from all of the drier chambers, preventing over accumulation of moisture in the drier chambers, and

Iall of which comprises a plant of comparatively Small area, the greater portion of lues and passages being below the ground, so as not to take up much space, and which will result in a great cheapening of the output, with but comparatively slight increase in the cost of establishing the plant.

`l/Vith these and other objects in View, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction, and combinations, and arrangements of parts as will be more fully hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, is a sectional plan view illustrating my improvements. Fig. 2, is a sectional plan view taken through the drier at a point above the iioors of the drying chambers. Fig. 3, is a view in vertical section taken through an end cross flue Vof the drier illustrating the con- Fig. 4, is a similar view taken at a point through the drier on the line 4-4 of Fig. 5. Fig. 5, is a view in longitudinal section through the drier. Fig. 6, is a view in longitudinal section through the cross flue at one end of the drier, 'and Figs. 7 and 8, are detail views illustrating the smoke and gas returning passages. Fig. 9, is a fragmentary view in -longitudinal vertical section through the `arranged side by side, spaced apart, and provided at their ends with ducts 2, having dampers 3 therein. Theducts 2 at one end of all the kilns are connected by a flue 4, the ducts 2 at the other end of the kilns being connected by a flue 5, and said. ilues 4 and 5 being connected by a liuc 6. All of said lues and ducts being below the ground level, and preferably constructed of brick with arched tops ior strength.

' It is of course to be understood, that the kilns 1 are provided with the usual perforated, or open work floor, and `with furnaces 7 1ntheir walls, so that the smoke and gases llO from the furnaces will be passed down through the perforated iioors into suitable ues below the floor, and thence into either or both of its pairs of ducts 2, and into the flues 4, 5 and 6, for a purpose which will hereinafter appear.

My improved drier is provided at its ends with parallel cross fiues 8 and 9 respectively, the former constituting an entrance Hue, and the latter an exit or outlet lue, both of said ilues made with inclined bottoms as clearly shown in Fig. 6. rlie bottom of the entrance flue tapers upward from its open to its closed end, while the outlet flue 9 is inclined eX- actly at a reverse ratio to that of the inlet ilue 8, the purpose being to more equally distribute the smoke and gases received by 'liuc 8 to the seveial longitudinal fines 10 below the drier chamber floors 11, and to compel as equal a draft through the several flues 10 as possible. The ilues 10 are formed by a series of longitudinal chords 12 and 13 respectively, the chords 12 being thicker than the chords 13, and the latter serving as partition walls between the chords 12. y1`he chords 12 andnlS are constructed to support the floors 11 thereon, and two of these flues 10 are provided below each floor 11. The iues 10 as clearly shown in F ig. 5, communicate with the lues 8 by means of openings 14, and the bottom of said flues 10 adjacent to the openings 14, are inclined upwardly to properly direct the smoke and gases into the flues 10. The outlet ends of the lues 10 communicate with the outlet flue 9 through the medium of a vertical passage 15, and communication between the lines 10 and the passages 15 may be closed by means of dainpers 16 in the ends of lues 10.

The flue 6 above referred to, communicates with a fan chamber 17, having a fan 17 a therein, and the chamber communicates with the flue 8, so as to blow the smoke and gases into flue 8, a damper 18 being provided to open and close the flue S as may be desired. rThe ilue 9 communicates with a iue 19, which bends or curves as shown, and communicates with a vertical column or flue 20, extending up out ofthe ground at any desired height, and with which a pipe 21 communicates, and is adapted to convey the smoke and gases back to the kilns, as will lnore fully hereinafter appear. lfr'ith this flue 19, a stack 22 communicates, and a fan 23 is provided in the flue 19 to assist in blowing the smoke and gases back to the furnace, or up the stack 22, a suitable damper, of course being provided in the stack, to open and close the same, according to the use which is made of the smoke and gases.

A direct flue 24 connects the flue 9 with the ilue 19, so as to cut out the fan 23, and enable the hot smoke and gases to be conveyed either to the stack 22, or back to the kilns without contact with the fan, thus life.

preventing burning the fan, and lengthen its For a great portion of the time this fan will not be needed to blow the smoke and gases back to the kiln, or up the stack, and.

this assaOe 24 is sim )l f )rovided as a more direct returning )assaOe for the smoke and e l e gases.

passage 24, to close the same when the fan' 23 is in use. A flue 26 connects the fan chamber 17 with the discharge end of flue 9, so as to convey the smoke and gases to the stack 22, or back to the kilns without utilizing the same in the drier, and a damper 27 in, said flue 26 is adapted to close the same when the smoke and gases, or waste heat is being used in the drier.

The smoke and gases which enter pipe 21, returning from the drier, enter a pipe cxtending throughout the battery of kilns, and having branch pipes 29 at the respective kilns. These branch pipes 29 extend along the side walls of the kilns, and are provided vith a series of small pipes 30, having valves 50a and branch pipes 30h, directing the smoke and gases into lateral openings 31 in the kiln walls, said openings 31. being preferably located at points above the lire-boxes of the several furnaces, and discharging directly into the passage of the smoke and gases from said fire-boxes, so that the returning smoke and gases may be consumed and aid in the consumption of the smoke and gases from the fire-boxes.

The drying chamber as illustrated in Fig. 5, is located above and extends throughout the length of the flues 10, the floor of said chamber constituting the top of the lines 1U. This iloor comprises a sheet metal plate or plates 32, extending from the end of the chamber nearest the flue 8, to a point about one-third the length of the chamber, or any desired distance along the chamber, the rest of the chamber floor being preferably composed of tile he sheet metal lloor will become highly heated and radiate the maximum of heat units in the drying chamber, the tile of course becoming heated, will also radiate the heat. This metal lloor 32 is provided at regular intervals, with openings 34, having suitable dainpers 35, said dainpers being closed during the heating of the drying chambers, by means of the smoke and gases, but are open when the waste heat or the het air from the kilns, (while the latter are cooling) is being utilized for the drier, when such air will be admitted directly into the drying chambers, through the openings 34 and allowed to pass through the length of the drying chambers into my improved stack I 36 at the end thereof.

The drier chambers are provided with tracks 37 to accommodate the ordinary cars used for carrying brick, and the openings 34 are provided in the drier chambers, a disiic tance apart equal to the length of the ordinary cars, so as to admit the heatedV air directly beneath the brick cars. The ends of the drier chambers are provided with doorways, so that a car may be admitted at one end and after moving through the drying chamber, discharged at the other end in convenienty position for transit to the kilns, the arrangement of trackage not being shown, but is readily comprehended. The ends of the drier chambers are closed by batter doors 39 and 40 respectively, said doors being battered, so as to insure their remaining closed or open as occasion may require.

The ends of all of the drying chambers communicate with the stack 5,6, the latter converging into a central chimney 41, for conveying the moisture-laden air from the several drier chambers into the atmosphere, and preventing the accumulation of moisture Within the drying chambers. The roofs of the drying chambers are provided with openings 42 which communicate with vertical passages above the drying chambers, formed by upwardly extending the side walls 42a, of the drying chambers, which terminate short of the upper inclinedwalls of the stack 36, so as not to interfere with the passage of the air from other drying chambers. All of these openings 42 are provided with dampers 43 to regulate the passage through them.

The arched top of flue 9 which rests di rectly below the bottom of the drier chambers at their extreme ends is provided with openings or passages 44 connecting the flues 9 directly with the drier chambers, and in communication directly with the stack 36,r

so as to permit the smoke and gases, or the hot air, from the flue 9 to pass directly up and through the stack 36, should it be desired to do so, and dampers 45 normally close the said passages 44.

The operation of the kilns and driers may be varied in a great many ways, by the manipulation of the dampers described, but the way which will economize fuel to the greatest extent will be to take the smoke and gases from the kilns through the flues 4, 5, 6 and 8, aided by the fan or blower 17, to drive the same through the flues 10 beneath the drying chambers, to heat the brick in the latter, and then convey said smoke and gases through the flues 9 and 19, aided by fan 23, or else directly through the flue 24, cutting out the fan, and thence convey the smoke and gases by column or flue 20, to pipes 21, and thence through pipes 28, 29 and 30, back into the kilns for reburning.

By this arrangement, a maximum of heat is utilized from every particle of fuel, there is practically no waste, the drier is heated without employment of separate furnaces for the purposes, and the result is, an economical production, which cannot be equaled by any of the known plants now in use.

As above explained, when it is desired, the drier may be cut out altogether, the smoke and gases simply passing through the kiln, and being returned to the same, and when the kilns are being cooled, the waste heat from the kilns may be directed into the drying chambers through the openings 34 into direct contact with the brick, it being understood of course, that when the smoke and gases are utilized, the openings 34 are closed, so as not to bring the smoke and gases into contact with the brick, as it might be injurious to them in their wet or moist condition.

'A great many slight changes might be made in the general form and arrangement of parts described without departing from my invention, and hence I do not restrict myself to the precise details set forth, but consider myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters. Patent is:

l. ln combination with a kiln, a drier comprising a plurality of elongated cham bers, ilues below the chambers, cross flues. at the ends of the drier communicating with said iiues below the drying chambers, means for directing the smoke and gases from the kiln to one of said cross lues, and from the other of said cross ilues back to the kiln.

2. ln combination with a battery of kilns, a drier comprising a series of elongated chambers, of longitudinal fines below the drier chambers, cross fines at the ends of the drier, connecting all of said flues, means for directing the smoke and gases from the kilns to one of said cross iiues, and from the other of said cross flues back to the kiln.

3. In combination with a battery of kilns, a drier comprising a series of elongated chambers, of longitudinal flues below the drier chambers, cross ilues at the ends of the drier, connecting all of said ilues, means for directing the smoke and gases from the kilns to one of said. cross fines, and from the other of said cross 'lluesback to the kiln, and a fan or blower adapted to force the smoke and Y gases through said flues. i' 4. In combination with a battery of kilns, a drier comprising a series of elongated chambers, of longitudinal hues below the drier chambers, cross lues at the ends of the drier, connecting all of said iiues, means for directing the smoke and gases from the kilns to one of said cross ues, and from the other of saidcross iiues back to the kiln, a fan or blower adapted to force the smoke and gases through said flues, and a stack communicating with said directing means. 5. ln combination with a battery of kilns, a drier comprising a series of longitudinal chambers, longitudinal fines below the chambers, cross liues at the ends of the chambers4 and communicating with all of said longitudinal iues, said cross i'lues having upwardly inclined bottoms, means for directing the smoke and gases from the kilns to one of said cross iiues, and from the other of said cross lues back to the kiln.

6. In combination with a battery of kilns, a drier comprising a series of longitudinal chambers, iiues below the chambers, cross llues with which all of said longitudinal lues communicate, a flue connecting one of said cross ilues with the kilns for conveying smoke and gases from the kilns to the driers, another flue connecting the other cross flue with the kilns to return the smoke and gases thereto, and a liuc connecting said cross flue, whereby the smoke and gases may pass with out entering into the drier, and dampers in all of said ilues.

7. In combination with a battery of kilns, a drier, means for conveying smoke and gases to said drier, a returning line for the smoke and gases connected. with said drier, a fan in said flue, a stack communicating with said. flue, means connecting said iiue with the kilns to return the smoke and gases thereto, and a direct passage or line connecting portions of said first mentioned Hue, so as to cut out the fan, and a damper in said last mentioned flue.

8. In combination with a battery of kilns, a drier, means for directing smoke and, gases from all of the kilns to the drier, a flue for conveying smoke and gases from the drier, a column or flue communicating with said liuc, a pipe connected to said column, and a series of branch, pipes connected with said last mentioned pipe, and directing the smoke and gases into all of the kilns, substantially as set forth` 9. In combination with a battery of kilns, a drier comprising a series of longitudinal chambers, longitudinal lues below said chambers, cross flues connecting the longitudinal lines, means for conveying smoke and gases from said kilns to one of said cross flues, and from the other of said cross i'lues back to the kiln, and a stack common to all of said drying chambers, and located above said last mentioned cross flue.

l0. In combination with a battery of kilns, a drier comprising a series of longitudinal chambers, means for conveying smoke and gases from said kilns below the lloors ot' said drying chambers, and thence back to the kilns, a stack common to all of-said drying chambers, and dampers normally closing openings connecting said stack with the smoke and gas passages below.

1l. In combination with a battery of kilns, a-drier comprising a series of longitudinal chambers, a series of smoke fiues below the loors of the drier chambers and parallel therewith, a cross ilue comprising an outlet for said smoke ilues and located below the iioors of said drier chambers, openings in the floors between the said cross flue and the drier chambers, dampers closing said openings, a stack common to all of said drier chambers, openings in the tops or roofs of the drier chambers connecting the drier chambers and dampers for said openings.

12. In combination with a battery of kilns, a drier comprising a series of longitudinal chambers, a series of smoke iiues below the floors of the drier chambers and parallel therewith, a cross ilue comprising an outlet for said smoke lues and located below the iioors of said drier chambers, openings in the floors between the said cross lue and the drier chambers, dampers closing said openings, a stack common to all of said drier chambers, openings in the tops or roofs of the drier chambers connecting the drier chambers and dampers for said openings, and said openings in the -roof ol the drier chambers and in the ioor thereof in approximate alinement.

13. In combination with a battery of kilns, a drier comprising a series of longitudinal chambers, a series of smoke lues below the loors of the drier chambers and parallel therewitl'i, a cross liuc comprising an. outlet for said smoke llues and located below the floors of said drier chambers, openings in the iioors between the said cross flue and the drier chambers, dampers closing said openings, a stack common to all of said drier chambers, openings in the tops or roofs of the drier chambers connectingthe drier chambers and dampers for said openings, and the verticalpartition walls between said. drier chambers projecting up into the stack, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

lll- In combination with a battery of kilns and a drier, longitudinal llues below the drier, cross lues at the ends of the drier communicating with the longitudinal lines, a liuc conveying smoke and gases from the kilns to one of said cross lines, a flue conveying smoke and gases from the other of said cross :lines back to the kiln, and a ilue connecting said cross lues and a damper in said last mentioned liuc.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS M. WILSON.

Witnesses:

R. H. KRENKEL, J. A. L. MULHALL. 

